General Physics Seminar 28 October 2004
Fast magnetic reconnection in hot plasmas
Hugo de Blank
FOM-Institute for Plasma Physics Rijnhuizen
Magnetic confinement of hot plasma is the basis of the most
successful controlled fusion experiments. Plasma instabilities
can spontaneously perturb the magnetic field and as it turns out,
perturbed fields continue to confine the plasma only thanks to
the high electric conductivity at high plasma temperatures.
Break-up and reconnection of magnetic field lines is the exception
rather than the rule, but reconnection in thin layers in fusion plasmas
is nevertheless a key mechanism for the observed high energy losses.
Magnetic reconnection is also the mechanism that releases thermal and
magnetic energy from the solar corona and the Earth's magnetosphere.
The seminar will briefly sketch how observed magnetic reconnection
rates can be much higher than was previously predicted theoretically.
Then, it will be shown how temperature gradients affect magnetic
reconnection and the release of thermal energy. This novel mechanism may
enable the temperature distribution and magnetic field to self-organize
and help explain the complex behaviour seen in fusion experiments.