@article{7815,
  author = {G. De Temmerman and K. Bystrov and R. P. Doerner and L. Marot and G. M. Wright and K.B. Woller and D. G. Whyte and J. J. Zielinski},
  title = {Helium effects on tungsten under fusion-relevant plasma loading conditions},
  abstract = {Experiments were performed in the Pilot-PSI linear plasma device to study the formation of helium-induced nanostructures under high heat fluxes (>10 MW m−2), the erosion of a tungsten surface at the elevated temperatures where those structures typically form and most importantly the behavior of a helium-induced fibreform structure during ELM-like pulses. A strong correlation between the characteristic size of the helium-induced morphology and the size of the voids observed in the near-surface region has been found, and both increase in size with increasing temperatures. Temperature-dependent erosion of tungsten surfaces was observed despite the ion energy being below the sputtering threshold, with an exponential increase of the erosion for temperatures higher than 2400 °C. The same effect was observed during ELM-like plasma pulses. Finally, a complete disappearance of the tungsten fibreform structure was observed after only one plasma pulse for energy densities higher than 0.5 MJ m−2.
},
  year = {2013},
  journal = {Journal of Nuclear Materials},
  volume = {438, Supplement},
  pages = {S78 - S83},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2013.01.012},
  note = {Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Plasma-Surface Interactions in Controlled Fusion Devices},
  language = {eng},
}