@article{8208,
  author = {L. Buzi and G. De Temmerman and D. Matveev and M. Reinhart and T. Schwartz-Selinger and M. Rasinski and B. Unterberg and C. Linsmeier and G. Van Oost},
  title = {Surface modifications and deuterium retention in polycrystalline and single crystal tungsten as a function of particle flux and temperature},
  abstract = {The effects of particle flux and exposure temperature on surface modifications and deuterium (D) retention were systematically investigated on four different tungsten (W) microstructures. As-received, recrystallized, and single crystal W samples were exposed to D plasmas at surface temperatures of 530–1170 K. Two different ranges of D ion fluxes (1022 and 1024 D+m−2s−1) were used with the ion energy of 40 eV and particle fluence of 1026 D+m−2. Increasing the particle flux by two orders of magnitude caused blister formation and D retention even at temperatures above 700 K. The main effect of increasing the particle flux on total D retention was the shifting of temperature at which the retention was maximal towards higher temperatures. Diffusion-trapping simulations were used to fit the thermal desorption spectroscopy (TDS) release peaks of D, yielding one or two types of trapping sites with de-trapping energies around 2 eV.},
  year = {2017},
  journal = {Journal of Nuclear Materials},
  volume = {495},
  pages = {211-219},
  month = {11/2017},
  doi = {10.1016/j.jnucmat.2017.08.026},
  language = {eng},
}