@article{9161,
  author = {M.J. Pueschel and P. Mulholland and O. Sauter and R. Coosemans and J. Ball and M. Hamed and M. Vallar and TCV team},
  title = {Electromagnetic instability and turbulence in plasmas with positive and negative triangularity},
  abstract = {While a number of studies exist comparing positive triangularity (PT) and negative triangularity (NT) d⁠, the nature of how the normalized electron pressure B affects microinstabilities and turbulence in fusion devices with substantial d has not been studied in much detail. A variety of physical scenarios is investigated here, including TCV discharges and kinetic-ballooning-mode (KBM) as well as microtearing (MT) regimes. KBMs become dominant at lower pressure in PT geometry; nonlinearly, however, subdominant KBMs prevent saturation before their dominance threshold. At low elongation, semi-collisional MT benefits from PT or very strong NT, while these trends reverse at high elongation. For turbulence in the TCV discharges, very low flux-surface stochastization is seen, along with low magnetic-flutter flux, due to magnetic fluctuations exhibiting predominantly odd parity. When applying external resonant perturbations, PT (NT) is slightly lowered (increased) by ~10%-20%⁠, due to zonal flows preferring different scales for different d signs.},
  year = {2025},
  journal = {Physics of Plasmas},
  volume = {32},
  pages = {052302},
  doi = {10.1063/5.0255557},
  language = {eng},
}