Energy within the Built Environment: the human in the loop process control optimization

Buildings use 40% of all our energy.  Most of this energy (nearly 70% for non-residential) is used for building systems with the goal of providing comfort for the building occupants. There exists a mismatch between simulation defined energy use ranges, and recent findings suggest that the human and its behaviour should be included. Realisation of personalised controlled comfort could provide additional flexibility for energy management in buildings. More flexible control and actuation possibilities, dynamic control of building.  Lighting, Heating, Ventilation and Air conditioning (LHVAC) systems in relation to actual individual occupancy comfort profiles. This presents an opportunity for more efficient use of energy and also further improvement of occupants comfort.